Fluid-pressure pump.



H. W. TRUSCOTT.

FLUID PRESSURE PUMP.

APPLlcAnoN FILED rss. 14. |916.

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H. W. TRUSCOTT.

FLUID PRESSURE PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I4. Isis.

H. W. TRUSCOTT.

FLUID PRESSURE PUMP.

APPLICATlQN FILED FEB. 14. |916.

1,226,41 7.. Patented Mny15, 1917.

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ktozneijo H. W. TRUSCOTT.

FLUID PRESSURE PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14. 1916.

Patented May 15, 1917.

4 sHEETssHEEr 4. Eran-1U (1l/911km@ me o HOWARD W. TRUSCOTT, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.

FLUID-PRESSURE PUMP.

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Specication of Letters Patent.

patented ivi-ay i5, ieri.

Application filed February 14, 1916. Serial No. 78,213.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, HOWARD 7. TRUscor'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Portland, in the county of Multnomah and State of Gregori, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in F luid-Pressure lumps; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable other skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine.

My invention relates to improvements in fluid pressure pumps of the type employing a pair of chambers to be successively filled with liquid and to then be successively emptied, and a reversible valve mechanism for directing compressed air or the like lirst into one chamber and then into the other for expelling the contents thereof. Heretofore, numerous extremely complicated arrangements of parts have been provided when constructing pumps of this general character, this complexity serving more than any other cause to hamper the use of pumps of this type. It is therefore the object of my invention to simplify the construction of fluid pressure pumps to such an extent as to eliminate a number of parts heretofore used and yet gain equally as good results.

"With this general object in view. the invention resides in certain novel. features of construction and in unique combinations of parts to be hereinafter fully described and claimed, the descriptive matter being supplemented by the accompanying drawings which constitute a part of this application and in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the iniproved pump with parts broken away and in section;

Fig. 2 is substantially a central vertical section as viewed on the planes designated by the line 2 9 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view similar to the upper end of Fig. 2 but entering more into detail regarding the reversible valve mechanism;

Figs. l and 5 are horizontal sectional views taken on the planes of the lines 4 1' and of Fig. 3;

Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged vertical sections taken on the planes indicated by the lines 6 6 and 7 7 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical section through the lower end of the pump;

4plane designated by the line 9 9 of Fig. 8' l Y Fig. fthrough the lower end of the pump, this view being cut on the FiO. 9 is a horizontal section laken on the v n n l 10 is an additional vertical section tion taken on the plane of the line 12 12 of Fig. 1. y

In specifically describing the construction shown in the drawings above briefly dcscribed, similarcharacters will be placed on correspoiuling parts throughout the several 'views7 and reference will be herein made to the numerous elements by their respective indices. To this end, the numerals 1 and 1tL designate a pair of chambers which are here shown positioned side by side, the two chambers constituting a cylindrical formation which is adapted to be submerged in a body of liquid whereby the chambers may be filled with such liquid under certain conditions yet to be set forth. Disposed above the chambers 1 and 1il and preferably though not necessarily standing upright, is a valve casing 2 here shown of cylindrical formation, being provided with a central transverse partition 3, said partition having an axial port l opening through its opposite sides and preferably enlarged at its center. A fluid pressure inlet 5 discharges into said enlarged central portion of the port 4, said inlet being shown as leading from a pipe line 6 on the exterior of the device, said line leading to any appropriate source of fluid pressure.

Closing the opposite ends of the casing 2 and alined therewith. are upper and lower fluid pressure cylinders 7 and 7 a, the lower end of the latter being secured in contact with the upper end of the chambers 1 and 1a, while the upper end of the cylinder 7 is shown as provided with an appropriate cap S. The inner ends of the cylinders 7 and 7a are provided respectively with axial ports 9 and QfL which are of considerably greater diameter than the port el., these ports 9 and 9 being adapted for a purpose to be hereinafter more fully set forth.

Leading from the upper end of the casing 2 into the chamber 1, is a combined pressure supply and exhaust passage in the form of a tube 10, the lower end of said tube being in communication with said chamber through a check valve 11 which normally stands open, said valve however, being provided with an angular operating rod 12 whereby it may be closed under certain conditions.

Practically a duplicate of the passage 10 is shown at 10a, the latter leading from the lower end of the casing 2 into the chamber 1a through a check valve 11V identical in construction with the valve 11 and provided with an angular operating arm 12a. The two valves 11 and 11 are merely provided for the purpose of preventing water from rising through the passages 10 and 10iL into the casing 2, this provision being only necessary when the chambers 1 and 1a and said passages vare entirely submerged in fluid.

Leading from the chamber l into the upper end of the cylinder 7 is an exhaust passage 13 preferably in the form of an upright tube, the lower end of said passage communicating with the chamber in question only when a normally closed valve 111 at the upper end of the latter is opened as will be hereinafter clearly set forth. A lvalve 111 identical with the valve 14 is provided for the purpose of allowing communication between the chamber 1a and the cylinder 7 a, this valve also being only opened at predetermined times. j

The lower end of the chambers 1 and 1@ is constituted by the top 15 of a valve casing16 which is provided with two chambers 17 and 17a equipped respectively with upwardly opening check valves 18 and'18a, these valves being adapted to be opened automatically by the liquid in which the pump is submerged to allow the chambers '20L into the liquid outlet port 21 from which a pipe line 22 leads to any desired point or points.

Seated snugly in the ports 19 and 19a are vertically slidable passage members 23 and 23a inthe form of sleeves equipped with external stop fianges to limit their downward movement and with spiders 24 and 24C which are secured by any preferred means to upright valve operating rods 25 and 25a, the upper ends of said rods being so connected with the valves 14 and 14a as to open the latter when shifted downwardly. The lower ends of the two rods 25 and 25a depend from the members 23 and 23a and constitute guide stems 26 and 26a received loosely in upright tubular guides 27 and 27 a with which the valves 18 and 18Z1 equipped.

Disposed respectively in the chambers 1 and 12L are the floats 2S and 28a, said floats being out of contact with the walls of said chambers and having appropriate central guides through which the rods 25 and 25a pass loosely. Both fioats 28 and 23a are im pervious and are of substantially the same or of greater size than the sleeve-like passage membcrs 23 and 23a, Vthis provision being made in order that said floats may close said passage member as they (the floats) near their limits of downward movement, said members having gaskets 23C on which said floats mayV rest in fluid tight contact. This allows thefloat of the discharging member to serve asa piston to be forced downwardly by the pressure in said chamber, whereupon the rod 25 /2521 will be moved downwardly to open the valve 14/ le, there by allowing some of such pressure to escape into one of the'cylinders 7 7a asthe case may be, to reverse a controlling valve 29 are Y which is confined inthe casing 2; As either Y chamber fills, however, the float therein will of course rise and at the proper time will come in contact with the arm 12, 12a, thus closing the check valve at the upper end of the intaking chamber to preventwater from rising therefrom into the aforesaid casing 2. Disposed respectively in the cylinders 7 and 7, are two pistons 30 and 30:L preferably constructed of hard rubber although other appropriate material may be used. Mounted between these two pistons, is the valve 29. said valve including a stem extending from oneV piston tothe'other and passing loosely through the-ports 4, 9 and 9, said stem being here shown as composed of a trio of yieldably connected sections. The endmost sections 31 ofthe stem are of tubular formation secured in any appropri-V ate manner to the pistons 30, 30a, the remote ends of said sectionshaving sockets 32 in which the opposite ends of the intermediate section 33 of the stem are received, said section passing through vthe sections 31 as shown clearly in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

The aforesaid ends of the section 33, whichV latter is here shownin the form of an upright rod, are provided with any, preferred type of'stops 34- between which and the bottoms of the recesses "f" coil springs are interposed, these springs allowing the 38 of soft rubber or the like adapted to c0-v operate with an annular seat 39 at the lower end of the port 9. Said member 36 is also equipped with an additional gasket 40 cooperating with a seat 41 at the upper end of the port 4. Similarly, the member 3GL is equipped with a comparatively large gasket 38 for cooperation with a seat 39iL at the upper end of the port 9, and with a smaller gasket 40L coacting with a seat 41a at the lower end of the port 4. As clearly shown in Fig. 3, when the gasket 38 is in active position, 33 is spaced from its seat. Also when 4() is spaced from its seat 41, 40L is in operative engagement with 41a. Thus, the valve members 36 and 3Gu serve to successively close the opposite ends of the port 4 am` simultaneously to close one or the other of the ports 9, 9u.

The two members 36, 3G are provided respectively with annular flanges 42 and 42a extending endwise therefrom and received snugly yet slidably in the ports 9, 9, said flangesthemselves having ports 43 andv 43a whose active portions are spaced between the ends of said flanges.

Exhaust ports 44 and 44L lead from the inner ends of the cylinders 7 and 72L respectively, said ports being connected by a tube 45 which is in communication with a pipe line 4G leading to an appropriate point above the level of the liquid in which the pump is submerged, by-passes 47, 47a being provided from the outer ends of the cylinders 7 and 7EL into the ports 44 and 44L as disclosed in Fig. 2. Also, relief ports 30c extend through the pistons 30 andV 3()a from one end of the cylinders 7 and 7"L to the other end thereof. The function of these ports is to relieve the pressure in the outer ends of the cylinders in question when the pistons are shifted toward said ends.

In operation, assuming' that all parts stand as shown in the drawings, fluid pressure is admitted into the upper end of the casing 2 through the open upper end of the port 4, such pressure now serving to retain the valve 29 in the position shown in Fig. 2. From the casing 2, the fluid pressure will pass through the passage 10 opening the 'valve 11 which has been previously closed by the ascent of the float 2S while the chamber 1 lled with liquid. Thus, the pressure enters the upper end of said chamber and forces downwardly on the liquid contents thereof, expelling such contents through the passage member 23 into the compartment 17 from which it is exhausted through the valve 20 into the port 21, the latter now con` ducting the liquid to the pipe line 22 which leads to the point or points at which such liquid is to be used. As the liquid lowers in the chamber 1, the float travels downwardly therewith, and as this float appreaches the limit of its downward travel,

it contacts with the member 23 and closes the latter. Thus, the float now serves as a piston which will be forced downwardly by the pressure in the chamber 1, thereby shifting the member 23 and rod downwardly. The result of this operation is that the valve 14 is opened, thus allowing a certain amount of pressure to escape from the chamber 1 through the passage 13 into the upper end of the cylinder 7. At this point, the pressure will exert sufficient energy to move the piston 30 downwardly, thus reversing the position of the valve 29, or in other words, closing the upper end of the port 4, opening the lower end thereof, and closing the port 9 while the port 9 is opened. The last named port now affords communication between the passage 1() and the exhaust port 44 to allow the remaining pressure in the chamber 1 to be exhausted therefrom as the lio uid rises within and fills saidvchamber.

The operation of the parts within the chamber 1n is identical with that above described and further exposition is therefore deemed superfluous. llowe.'er, it is to be observed that the operation of thc two chanr bers is opposed, or in other words one chamber is discharged while the other is being filled. Also, it may here be said that the b v-passes 47 and 47"L serve to allow the escape of pressure from the outer ends of the cylinders 7 and 7a after the pistons in said cylinders have served their purposes.

In order to more clearly explain the action of the fluid pressure (hereinafter termed air) in operating the valve 29 as above described, we will assume that the pump is operated under twenty-five pounds of working pressure. lWhen the valve 14 is opened, air flows through the passage 13 above the piston 30 and exerts a force of one hundred and forty-eight weight pounds on said piston. This force overcomes the opposing force of sixty weight pounds acting on the valve member 36, thus starting the valve 29. This opens the lower end of the port 4 which allows air to pass into the casing 2 below the partition 3 from which casing it will pass to the chamber 1a through the passage 10H'. Also, some air will flow through the port 9SL and through the port 4o" in the flange 42a.

Then the valve 29 has made one-third of its movement (usually one-eighth of an inch) said ports in the sleeve 42a will close. This converts the valve member 36l into a piston with still two-thirds of its distance (usually one-fourth of an inch) to travel. The force exerted on the member 3G now balances the opposing` force on 3G and the valve would come to a standstill but for the force of one hundred and forty-eight weight pounds on the piston 30. The ports 43 are not yet opened and will not begin to open until the entire valve 29 has moved two-thirds of its distance. As these ports do open, however, the air will be exhausted from the chamber l and the weight pounds of force acting on the valve member 36 will drop from sixty weight pounds to zero, while there is no opposing force to that acting on the member 36a at this time. There will now be a force of one hundred and forty-eight weight pounds onthe piston 30 and in addition to this, the sixty weight pounds on the member 3G, all acting to complete the stroke of the valve 29. At the completion of this stroke, however, the by-pass il? will reduce the one hundred and forty-eight weight pounds acting on the piston 30 to zero whereas there will remain a force of sixt)7 weight pounds exerted on the member 36 to retain the` valve in its shifted position.

As the valve '29 successively shifts in the manner set forth, considerable wear will obviously be exerted on the numerous gaskets 3S, 38a, 40 and l0, but the springs 35 will compensate for this wear and will at all times cause the gaskets in question to properly cooperate with their respective seats.

Although any preferred means may be employed for conducting fluid pressure into the pump through the pipe line 6 when desired, specially constructed means (not shown) is preferably used .in conjunction with the numerous spigots from which liquid is to be withdrawn, such means serving to supply the pump with compressed air or the like when said spigots are opened.V Furthermore, although the exact materials used are optional, it is believed'most expedient Vto construct all metal parts of the device with the exception of the pipe lines, of brass or of a suitable alloy which will not be subject to rust.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction, manner of operation and numerous advantages of the improved and simplified pump will be readily understood without requiring a more extended explanation. ln conclusion, however, I will Vstate that although certain specific details of construction have been shown and described for illustrative purposes, numerous changes may be made within the scope of the invention as claimed without sacrificing the primary advantages thereof. For instance,the chambers l and la may be disposed either abreast or in tandem.

I claim: Y

1. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to besuccessively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve casing having between its ends a transverse partition formed with a port opening through its opposite sides, a pressure inlet into said port, a pair of fluid pressure cylinders disposed one at each end of said casing, the inner endsof said cylinders having ports establishing communication with said casing and of greater size than the first named port, being'alined with the lat-Y ter, combined pressure supply and exhaust passages leading from the ends of the casing to the two chambers, exhaust passages leading from said chambers into the outer ends of the cylinders and having normally closed valves, means for opening said valves when the chambers are emptied, exhaust ports from the inner ends of the cylinders, pistons in said cylinders between the exhaust passages and the exhaust ports and adapted to be shifted by the entrance of fluid pressure into said cylinders through said exhaust passages, and valves between and carried by said pistons for successively closing the opposite ends of the first named port and for simultaneously closing one or the other of the second named ports. v

2. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve casing having between its ends a transverse partition formed with a port opening through its opposite sides, a pressure inlet into said port, a pair of fluid pressure cylinders disposed one at each end of saidV casing, the inner ends of said cylinders having ports establishing communication withrsaid casing and of greater size than the first named port, being alined with the latter, combined pressure supply and exhaust passages leading from the ends of the casing to the two chambers, exhaust passages leading from said chambers into the outer ends of the cylinders and having normally closed valves, means for opening said valves when the chambers are emptied, exhaust ports from the inner ends of the cylinders, pistons in said cylinders between the exhaust passages and the exhaust ports and adapted to be shifted by theentrance -of fluid pressure into said cylinders through said exhaust passages, by-passes from the Vouter ends of the cylinders into the exhaust ports, and valves between and carried by said pistons for successively closing the opposite ends of the first named port and for simultaneously closing one or the other of the second named ports.

3. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve casing having'between-its ends a transverse partition formed with a Vport opening through its opposite sides, a pres-V sure inlet into said port, a pair of'fiuid pressure cylinders-disposed one, at each end of said casing, the inner ends of said cylinders having ports establishing communication with said casing and-of greater size than the firstY named port, being alined with the latter, combined pressure supply and exhaust passages leading from the ends ofthe 'casing tween said second named ports and to the two chambers, exhaust passages leading from said chambers into the outer ends of the cylinders and having ncrmaily closed valves, means for opening said valves when the chambers are emptied, exhaust ports from the inner ends of the cylinders, pistons in said cylinders between the exhaust passages and the exhaust ports and adapted to be shifted by the entrance of' fiuid pressure into said cylinders through said exhaust passages, a stem extending between the two pistons and passing loosely through the first and second named ports, and valves on said stem for successively closing tho opposite ends of said first named port and for simul- Vtaneously closing one or the other of said second named ports.

el. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve casing having between its ends a transverse partition formed with a port opening through its opposite sides, a pressure inlet into said port, a pair of iiuid pressure cylinders disposed one at each end of said casing, the inner ends of said cylinders having' ports establishing communication with said casing and of greater size than the first named port, being alined with the latter, combined pressure supply and exhaust passages leading from the ends of the casing to the two chambers, exhaust passages leading from said chambers into the outer ends of the cylinders and having normally closed valves, means for opening said valves when the chambers are emptied, exhaust ports from the inner ends of the cylinders, pistons in said cylinders between the exhaust passages and the exhaust ports and adapted to be shifted by the entrance of fluid pressure into said cylinders through said exhaust passages, a stem extending between the two pistons and passing loosely through the iirst and second named ports, a pair of valves secured on said stem bethe partition, said valves being adapted to successively close said ports, annular flanges extending endwise from said valves and received slidably into the last named ports, said flanges themselves having ports to allow the passage of air into the cylinders only when said flanges have been moved a predetermined amount by such movement of the valves, and additional valve means carried by the stem for successively closing the opposite ends of the first named port.

5. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve casing having between its ends a transverse partition formed with a port opening through its opposite sides, a pressure inlet into said port, a pair of fluid pressure cylinders disposed one at each end of said casing, the inner ends of said cylinders having ports establishing communication with said casing and of greater size than the first named port, being alined Vwith the latter, combined pressure supply and exhaust passages leading from the ends of the casing to the two chambers, exhaust passages leading from said chambers into the outer ends of the cylinders and having normally closed valves, means for opening said valves when the chambers are emptied, exhaust ports from the inner ends of the c vlinders, pistons in said cylinders between the exhaust passages and the exhaust ports and adapted to be shifted by the entrance of fluid pressure into said cylinders tlnfough said exhaust passages, a stem extending between the two pistons and consisting of a. trio of alined yieldably connected sections, said stem passing loosely through the first and second named ports, a pair of valve members secured to the two end sections and adapted to successively close said second. named ports, said members also serving to successively close the opposite ends of the first named port, and a spacing sleeve surrounding the intermediate section of the stem and retaining the two valve members in spaced relation.

6. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve casing having between its ends a transverse partition formed with a port opening through its opposite sides, a pressure inlet into said port, a pair of fluid pressure cylinders disposed one at each end of said casing, the inner ends of said cylinders having ports establishing communication with said casing and of greater size than the first named port, being alined with the latter, combined pressure supply and exhaust passages leading from the ends of the casing to the two chambers, exhaust passages leading from said chambers into the outer ends of the cylinders and having normally closed valves, means for opening said valves when the chambers are emptied, exhaust ports from the inner ends of the cylinders, pistons in said cylinders between the exhaust passages and the exhaust ports and adapted to be shifted by the entrance of fluid pressure into said cylinders through said exhaust passages, a stem extending between the two pistons and consisting of two end sections and an intermediate section, said end sections being of tubular formation and having cavities in their remote ends, while the intermediate section is in the form of a rod passing through said tubular end sections and having' its ends confined in the aforesaid cavities, stops on said ends, springs interposed between said stops and the bottoms of the cavities, a pair of valve members carried by the aforesaid end sections and adapted to successively close the second named ports, said members also serving to successively close the opposite ends of the first named port, and a spacing sleeve surrounding the intermediate portion of the intermediate section and retaining the two valve members in spaced relation.

7. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve mechanism for admitting fluid pressure into each chamber when filled to expel the liquid therefrom, said mechanism being reversible to direct pressure rst into one chamber and then into the other, liquid outlets in the lower ends of said chambers, normally raised vertically slidable passage members fitting in said outlets, vertically movable floats in the chambers adapted to contact with and close said passage members as they approach their limits of downward movement, whereby said fioats may then serve as pistons to be shifted downwardly by the pressure in the chambers, normally closed valves for allowing the escape of pressure from the chambers to reverse the valve mechanism, and upright valve operating rods rising from the passage members to the valves and secured to the former, said rods also serving as guides for the floats.

8. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve mechanism for admitting fluid pressure into each chamber when filled to expel the liquid therefrom, said mechanism being reversible to direct pressure first into one chamber and then into the other, liquid outlets in the lower ends of said chambers, normally raised vertically slidable passage members fitting in said outlets, vertically movable floats in the chambers adapted to contact with and close said passage members as they approach their limits of down ward movement, whereby said floats ma)x then serve as pistons to be shifted downwardly by the pressure in the chambers, normally closed valves for allowing the es-v cape of pressure from the chambers to reverse the valve mechanism, valve operating means connecting the valves and the passage members, a valve casing below said passage members, check va ves in said valve casing having upright tubular guides, and upright stems depending from said passage members and fitting loosely into said tubular guides.

9. A fluid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successivelyl filled with liquid and to be successively emp- Copes of this patent may be obtained for normally raised vertically slidable passagef members fitting, in said outlets, vertically movable floats in the chambers adapted to contact with and close said passage members as they approach their limits of downward movement, whereby said fioats may then,I

serve as pistons to be shifted downwardly by the pressure in the chambers, normally closed valves for allowing the escape of pressure from the chambers to reverse thc valve mechanism, upright valve operating rods rising from the passage members to the valves, said rods being secured to said members and depending therefrom to form guide stems, a valve casing below said members, and check valves inV said casing having upright tubular guides receiving said stems loosely therein,

l0. Afiuid pressure pump comprising a pair of chambers adapted to be successively filled with liquid and to be successively emptied, a valve mechanism for admitting fluid pressure into each chamber when filled to expel the liquid therefrom, said mechanism being reversible to direct the pressure first into one chamber and thenrinto the other, liquid outlets in the lower endsof the chambers, normally raised vertically slidable passage members in the form of sleeves fitting snugly in said openings and having spiders, vertically movable floats inthe chambers adapted to contact with and'close said passage members as they approachtheir limits of downward'movement, whereby said floats may then serve asY pistons to be shifted downwardly by the pressure in the chambers, normally closed valves in the upper endsof the chambers Afor allowing the escape of pressure to reverse the valve mechanism, and 'upright valve operating rods secured at their lower ends to the aforesaid spiders and having their upper ends connected with the valves, the floats being formed with vertical guides slidable on said rods. Y

ln testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HOVVABD lV. TRUSCOTT.

litnesses Y WVM. S. UREN, R. A. VILLIsoN.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

